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Dambe, also known as Kokawa is a form of boxing associated with the Hausa people of West Africa. Historically, Dambe included a wrestling component, known as Kokawa, but today it is essentially a striking art. The tradition is dominated by Hausa butcher caste groups, and over the last century evolved from clans of butchers traveling to farm villages at harvest time, integrating a fighting challenge by the outsiders into local harvest festival entertainment. It was also traditionally practised as a way for men to get ready for war, and many of the techniques and terminology allude to warfare. Today, companies of boxers travel, performing outdoor matches accompanied by ceremony and drumming, throughout the traditional Hausa homelands of northern Nigeria, southern Niger and southwestern Chad.〔(In pictures: Traditional boxing in Nigeria ). Text by Andrew Walker, pictures by Afolabi Sotunde. BBC World Service, March 2008.〕 The name "Dambe" derives from the Hausa word for "boxe", and appears in languages like Bole as Dembe. Boxers are called by the Hausa word "daæmaænga"〔(Bole/English wordlist:ucla.edu ) (UCLA Hausa teaching resources: hausarbaka ).〕 ==Techniques== Although there are no formal weight classes, usually competitors in Dambe matches are fairly matched in size. Matches last three rounds. There is no time-limit to these rounds. Instead, they end when: 1) there is no activity, 2) one of the participants or an official calls a halt, or 3) a participant's hand, knee, or body touches the ground. Knocking the opponent down is called killing the opponent. The primary weapon is the strong-side fist. The strong-side fist, known as the spear, is wrapped in a piece of cloth covered by tightly knotted cord. Some boxers dip their spear in sticky resin mixed with bits of broken glass.〔Boxing in Nigeria: A rumble in the Sahel, by The Economist, dated Nov 18th 2010.〕 This, however, became an illegal practice. The lead hand, called the shield, is held with the open palm facing toward the opponent. The lead hand can be used to grab or hold as required. The lead leg is often wrapped in a chain, and the chain-wrapped leg is then used for both offense and defense. The unwrapped back leg can also be used to kick. Because wrestling used to be allowed, and the goal of the game is to cause the opponent to fall down, kicks are more common than they used to be. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dambe」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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